Alkenes and Alkynes

Alkenes = double bonds
Alkynes = triple bonds

Alkenes
-simply hydrocarbons with one or more double bonds located between carbon atoms leading to an unsaturated hydrocarbon

ending: change '-ane' to '-ene'

general formula: CnH2n

Geometric Isomers

-same chemitrical formula different geometry

-either cis or trans

larger group are above or below = cis

larger group are across the plane of the bond = trans

if no geometric isomers no need for cis or trans

Alkynes

-triple bonds

ending: change '-ane' to '-yne'

Eg.

4-methyl-2-pentyne